1 Kasu - Koneri Rayan Vijayanagara Feudatory Chief

Historical Context: This 1 Kasu copper coin was issued by Koneri Rayan, a prominent feudatory chief operating under the vast Vijayanagara Empire between 1471 and 1496. This era falls within a period of significant regional autonomy for powerful local potentates, known as Nayakas, who, while nominally acknowledging imperial suzerainty, often minted their own currency. Koneri Rayan's coinage therefore serves as a tangible testament to the decentralized administrative and economic structure of the Vijayanagara state, illustrating how local chiefs managed their own domains and facilitated internal commerce through their unique issues, crucial for everyday transactions.

Artistry: The artistry of this 1 Kasu coin reflects a distinct provincial numismatic style characteristic of Vijayanagara feudatory issues. While the specific engraver remains anonymous, typical designs for such small copper denominations often feature stylized representations of Hindu deities, such as a bull (Nandi), elephant, or a simple legend in Kannada or Nagari script detailing the ruler's name or title. Given its diminutive 12mm diameter, the iconography would prioritize clear, albeit simplified, motifs over intricate detail, making it both recognizable and functional for the populace.

Technical/Grading: Technically, this 1 Kasu coin frequently exhibits characteristics typical of hand-struck coinage from the late medieval Indian subcontinent. Strikes are often irregular, off-center, and can show varying degrees of pressure, leading to partial legends or design elements. Key high-points for grading would include any discernible features of the central motif or the clearest portions of the legend. As a copper issue, the quality of patination is crucial; well-preserved examples often display a stable, attractive green or brown patina, which not only enhances its aesthetic appeal but also contributes significantly to its overall historical integrity and value.