1 Farthing - Charles I Richmond issue, type 9

The Richmond farthings were struck under a royal patent granted to Ludovic Stuart, Duke of Richmond, who held the rights to produce Ireland's copper coinage as a private revenue-generating privilege rather than a Crown mint operation. After Richmond's death in 1624, the patent passed through several hands before production began in earnest — meaning the coins bearing his name were largely struck after he was already dead. Type 9 represents one of the later die iterations within this series, distinguished from earlier types primarily by subtle changes in the inner ring and lettering.