Catalog
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| Issuer | Qarakhanid Dynasty, Ishtikhan Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 1033 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Fals (1⁄60) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Central field dominated by a cruciform or wheel-like ornamental device composed of interlacing Arabic script and geometric elements, enclosed within a double linear inner circle. The design radiates four segments of bold Kufic or Naskh-style Arabic lettering arranged around a central motif. A circular Arabic legend surrounds the inner design within the outer border, consistent with Qarakhanid copper fals typology. The hammered flan is irregular and shows typical wear and die-shift characteristics of 11th-century Central Asian coinage. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | The reverse field presents multiple horizontal lines of bold Arabic inscription in Kufic script, occupying the central area of the coin and naming the issuing authority and cited ruler. The legends are enclosed within a single or double linear circle, with a further marginal Arabic inscription running along the outer rim. The script is characteristic of Qarakhanid copper coinage of the early 11th century, with angular Kufic letterforms typical of the Transoxianan minting tradition. Surface shows natural copper patina and typical flan irregularities consistent with hammered production. |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Plain. |
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