1 Ducat - Francesco Filiberto Ferrero-Fieschi

The Ferrero-Fieschi family acquired Masserano through inheritance and imperial favor, operating as a tiny but technically sovereign principality wedged between Savoy and Spanish Milan — a position that made issuing gold coinage politically useful far beyond its economic scale. Francesco Filiberto ruled briefly, and ducats bearing his name are among the rarest products of this mint. Fr#622 is recorded in only a handful of specimens across major collections.