1 Chiao Federal Reserve Bank, Peking

Historical Context: This 1 Chiao coin was issued by the Federal Reserve Bank of China, the central bank of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China, a Japanese puppet state in northern China during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945). Struck 1941-1943, its issuance reflects Japanese occupation authorities' efforts to assert economic control and stabilize their territories. The use of aluminium, a light and readily available metal, was characteristic of wartime currency production, conserving strategic metals amidst global conflict and resource scarcity.

Artistry: The coin's design, likely by an anonymous engraver, embodies a functional, utilitarian aesthetic typical of wartime issues. Lacking intricate symbolism, it draws on simplified republican styles. The obverse prominently features a stylized sun with radiating rays, a common East Asian motif, surrounding the denomination. The reverse displays the denomination in traditional Chinese characters and the issuing date. This minimalist approach prioritized clear legibility and efficient production over elaborate artistic detail, reflecting its wartime origin.

Technical/Grading: Struck in aluminium, this coin typically exhibits a relatively soft strike, common for the alloy and hurried wartime production. Key high-points for assessing strike quality include the central sun disk and the definition of its radiating rays on the obverse. Clarity of the Chinese characters and date on the reverse are also crucial. Collectors should examine for planchet imperfections like laminations or striations, which are not uncommon. Wear first manifests on the highest points of the sun and character edges, diminishing sharpness.