1 Cash Kaiyuan Tongbao, Fang

The Min Kingdom, centered in Fujian province, was one of the shortest-lived of the Ten Kingdoms — it effectively collapsed in 945 when the Southern Tang invaded and absorbed it. Lead coinage of this type was an emergency measure born of chronic copper shortages in the region, and these issues circulated almost exclusively within Fujian's isolated geography. The "Fang" designation refers to the square-holed cast variety distinguished by specific calligraphic characteristics tied to late Min production.