1 Cash - Kai Da Chu Kingdom

Historical Context: This 1 Cash "Kai Da" (開大通寶) coin originates from the Chu Kingdom, one of China's Ten Kingdoms during the fragmented Five Dynasties period (907-960 CE). Issued 927-951, the "Kai Da" reign title specifically identifies it with Ma Xiguang (947-950 CE), ruler of Chu, centered in modern Hunan. The choice of lead, a base metal, underscores the era's widespread copper scarcity and economic instability. Such low-denomination coinage facilitated daily commerce within a fragmented region.

Artistry: The obverse bears the standard clockwise four-character inscription, "Kai Da Tong Bao." Consistent with regional Five Dynasties issues, the calligraphy on these lead coins often presents a less refined, crude style, distinct from later imperial standards. No specific engraver or formal artistic school is documented for Chu coinage; production was localized and utilitarian. Lead's malleability frequently led to less precise strikes and shallower relief than copper, directly affecting character clarity.

Technical/Grading: Grading this lead 1 Cash type hinges on material preservation. High-points include the clarity of the "Kai Da Tong Bao" inscription; weak strikes, especially at the periphery, are prevalent. Surface integrity is critical; specimens free from significant pitting, heavy encrustation, or severe corrosion are highly prized. Given lead's softness, original surfaces with minimal handling marks, dents, or rim damage are rare. Well-centered strikes and a relatively round flan, despite irregular production, enhance premium grade.