1 Abbasi - Hussain ibn Sulayman Type B, Tiflis mint

The Abbasi denomination was established under Shah Abbas I in the early seventeenth century as part of a deliberate monetary reform, replacing the older shahi-based system. By the time this piece was struck at Tiflis — a mint the Safavids held only intermittently, having wrested Georgia back from Ottoman control after the 1639 Treaty of Zuhab — the dynasty was in visible administrative decline under Shah Sultan Husayn, whose reign ended with the Afghan Ghilzai sack of Isfahan in 1722.

Tiflis mint output from this window is characteristically irregular in flan preparation, a known production trait rather than a grade issue.