Arnhem served as the primary mint city of Guelders through much of the fifteenth century, and this fractional issue belongs to a period of near-constant fiscal strain under Duke Karel van Egmond's predecessors. The oirtstuiver — literally a quarter-stuiver denomination — was produced in billon precisely because silver was being hoarded or exported, forcing the duchy to debase small change to keep petty transactions functioning.
The vdCh 3#7.3 reference places this within Chevalier's tightly sequenced Guelders typology, where minor die variations between Arnhem and Nijmegen issues are distinguished primarily by mint marks.
Arnhem served as the primary mint city of Guelders through much of the fifteenth century, and this fractional issue belongs to a period of near-constant fiscal strain under Duke Karel van Egmond's predecessors. The oirtstuiver — literally a quarter-stuiver denomination — was produced in billon precisely because silver was being hoarded or exported, forcing the duchy to debase small change to keep petty transactions functioning.
The vdCh 3#7.3 reference places this within Chevalier's tightly sequenced Guelders typology, where minor die variations between Arnhem and Nijmegen issues are distinguished primarily by mint marks.