1/8 Stuiver 'Oirtstuiver' Arnhem

Arnhem served as the primary mint city of Guelders through much of the fifteenth century, and this fractional issue belongs to a period of near-constant fiscal strain under Duke Karel van Egmond's predecessors. The oirtstuiver — literally a quarter-stuiver denomination — was produced in billon precisely because silver was being hoarded or exported, forcing the duchy to debase small change to keep petty transactions functioning.

The vdCh 3#7.3 reference places this within Chevalier's tightly sequenced Guelders typology, where minor die variations between Arnhem and Nijmegen issues are distinguished primarily by mint marks.