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| 背面描述 | Square hammered flan with an Arabic inscription arranged in two registers, separated by a horizontal dividing line, enclosed within a linear border. The legend bears the kalima or additional royal titles associated with Sultan Ghiyath Shah of Malwa, rendered in bold Naskh script with characteristically broad strokes. The strike is moderately well-centred for a hammered issue, with some weakness at the margins consistent with the irregular flan shape. The overall style conforms to the standard copper coinage type of the Malwa Sultanate during the reign of Ghiyath Shah (1469–1500). |
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| 边缘 | Plain |
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| 附加信息 |
Ghiyath Shah ruled Malwa for over three decades, one of the longer and more stable reigns of any regional sultanate in late fifteenth-century India. His administration is documented as having invested heavily in court culture and architecture at Mandu, which may explain why his copper issues appear with some consistency in the archaeological record — a functioning local economy rather than a collapsing one.
The half tanka denomination in copper occupied the lowest practical tier of exchange in Malwa's bimetallic system. Specimens attributed to Ghiyath Shah show notable variation in flan preparation, suggesting production across multiple mints or extended casting runs over his long reign.