1/2 Real Grosso- Afonso V Ceuta mint

Afonso V came to the throne as a child of six, with his uncle Pedro of Coimbra serving as regent until 1448 — a regency that ended in political rupture and eventually the Battle of Alfarrobeira in 1449, where Pedro was killed. The Ceuta mint itself was a direct consequence of Portugal's 1415 conquest of the city, the opening move of Iberian expansion into Africa and the first permanent European foothold on the continent's coast. Coinage struck there carried logistical and symbolic weight: it supplied a garrison city cut off from the mainland, dependent on sea resupply, perpetually under threat of Marinid siege.

Gomes attributes relatively few surviving types to this mint for the reign, reflecting the operational constraints of a fortified outpost rather than a productive metropolitan workshop.