1/2 Real - Felipe V

Felipe V inherited the Spanish throne in 1700 as the first Bourbon king, triggering the War of the Spanish Succession — a conflict that embroiled most of Europe until 1714. Lima continued striking cob coinage throughout, largely undisturbed by the dynastic upheaval playing out across the Atlantic. These macuquinas were cut and hammered by hand from silver planchets, making precise weight the only real standard; shape and strike placement were incidental.

The Lima mint drew its silver almost entirely from the mines at Potosí and Huancavelica, with mercury from Huancavelica critical to the amalgamation refining process.