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| 正面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | JAMES NOKES GROCER MELBOURNE |
| 背面描述 | A seated female allegorical figure, rendered in the manner of Britannia, occupies the central field, depicted in profile facing left and resting upon a rock or plinth with a shield at her side. The legend AUSTRALIA arches along the upper periphery in bold Latin capitals. The design, engraved by W.J. Taylor of Birmingham, draws upon the established British tradesman token tradition, adapting the familiar Britannia motif to an Australian colonial context. The rim is plain, without dentilation, offering a contrast to the obverse treatment. |
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| 附加信息 |
James Nokes operated a grocery business in Melbourne during the acute small-change shortage that plagued the Australian colonies in the 1850s and 1860s, when official copper coinage from Britain arrived too slowly and in quantities wholly inadequate for a population exploding under gold rush conditions. Colonial traders routinely commissioned their own tokens from British die-sinkers — primarily Heaton's of Birmingham — which then circulated as functional currency among regular customers and beyond. Nokes was one of dozens of Melbourne tradespeople who took this route.
The Andrews, Roper, and Gray references cataloguing this piece reflect the overlapping 20th-century efforts to systematically document Australian colonial tokens, a field where attribution disputes remain unresolved for several issues in this series.