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| 表面の説明 | Left-facing draped bust of the prison reformer and philanthropist John Howard, rendered in high relief within a beaded border. The legend encircles the effigy, identifying the subject by name and distinction. Notably, no period follows the surname HOWARD, a distinguishing characteristic used to differentiate die varieties. The portrait reflects the dignified neoclassical engraving style typical of late 18th-century British trade tokens. |
|---|---|
| 表面の文字体系 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 表面の銘文 | IOHN HOWARD F·R·S PHILANTHROPIST · |
| 裏面の説明 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 裏面の文字体系 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 裏面の銘文 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 縁 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 鋳造所 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 鋳造数 | ログイン して詳細を見る |
| 追加情報 |
This piece belongs to the wave of provincial halfpennies struck by private merchants and municipalities during the 1780s and 1790s, when chronic Royal Mint neglect left Britain's small-change supply in near-collapse — counterfeits reportedly outnumbered genuine regal coppers in some regions. John Howard, the prison reformer whose death in 1790 made him an immediate cultural icon, was a popular subject for token issuers precisely because his image carried moral authority and commercial appeal simultaneously.
Struck by a Birmingham diesinker almost certainly working from the flood of commemorative material produced around Howard's death in Kherson, Russia, where he died inspecting military hospitals during a plague epidemic.