1/2 Macuta - Miguel I Pattern

Miguel I claimed the Portuguese throne in 1828 after reneging on his constitutional oath, triggering the Liberal Wars against his exiled brother Pedro IV. Pattern coinage for Angola from this period reflects the administrative scramble to assert royal authority over overseas territories — legitimate circulating issues for the colony were never finalized under Miguel's reign, which collapsed in 1834 when he was forced into permanent exile at Genoa. KM#Pn3 exists precisely because the political ground shifted before production could begin.