1/2 Groat - John of Leuven

John of Leuven acquired Herstal through inheritance in 1285, and his coinage reflects the broader Mosan monetization of the late thirteenth century — a period when small lordships along the Meuse were minting aggressively to assert jurisdictional independence and capture local trade. The half groat denomination placed Herstal's output in direct competition with episcopal and ducal issues circulating through Liège and Brabant.

The Dengis reference anchors this type firmly within the documented Herstal sequence. Four distinct catalog cross-references for a single minor lordship issue suggests reasonably active scholarly attention — Herstal's coinage punches above its political weight in the numismatic literature.