1/2 Ducat - Paul of Campofregoso 2nd reign

Paul of Campofregoso held the dogeship twice — the second reign running 1483 to 1488 — and spent much of it navigating the impossible pressure of French ambitions in northern Italy and the chronic inability of Genoese factions to agree on anything. He was simultaneously Archbishop of Genoa, a combination of ecclesiastical and civic authority that the Republic permitted only under duress and that Rome viewed with considerable discomfort.

CNI III#15 places this half ducat within a small documented group. The Genoese ducat series of this period is notoriously difficult to attribute by reign without die study, as shared reverse punches complicate sequential assignment.