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Trojak / 3 Grosze - Jan II Kazimierz Waza Wilno mint
| Issuer | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |
|---|---|
| Year | 1664-1665 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central field dominated by the Pahonia (Vytis), the armoured knight on horseback charging to the left, serving as the heraldic emblem of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, positioned in the upper portion of the die above a four-line Latin inscription denoting the denomination and issuing authority. The Roman numeral III appears to the right of the knight. The four-line legend reads GROS ARGE / TRIP MAG / DVC LIT / and the date below, all enclosed within a beaded border. Small stars and pellets serve as decorative separators. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Jan II Kazimierz's reign saw the Commonwealth convulsed by what Poles call the "Deluge" — simultaneous Swedish, Muscovite, Transylvanian, and Cossack invasions that left the treasury in ruins and the coinage in crisis. The Wilno mint, operating in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, was pressed into producing vast quantities of debased trojaki during the early 1660s to fund ongoing military campaigns, contributing directly to a currency collapse that would plague the Commonwealth for decades.
The 1664–65 issues from Wilno are notorious among specialists for inconsistent planchet preparation, accounting for the weight variation across surviving examples.