Tripoli Bohémond V Denier à l'étoile

Bohémond V ruled Tripoli through one of the more precarious stretches of Crusader survival in the Levant, navigating Mongol pressure from the east and increasingly aggressive Mamluk consolidation to the south. His coinage reflects a county operating on reduced resources — billon of this period from Tripoli is notoriously variable in silver content, and many surviving specimens show the alloy degrading visibly toward the copper end of the spectrum.

Metcalf's die study identified meaningful variation across the type, suggesting production ran through multiple short campaigns rather than sustained mint activity.