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Trihemistater

Issuer Carthage
Year 264 BC - 241 BC
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Value Gold Trihemistater (18)
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Obverse description Idealized female head of Tanit facing left, rendered in fine Hellenistic style, adorned with a wreath of grain ears bearing a pellet on the leaf, a triple-pendant earring, and an elaborate necklace with twelve pendants. The portrait exhibits the characteristic almond-shaped eye and flowing hair associated with Punic artistic tradition. The field is plain, with no inscription or exergual element.
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Mintage ND (264 BC - 241 BC)
Additional information

The date range here corresponds precisely to the First Punic War, the 23-year conflict with Rome that consumed Carthaginian resources on a staggering scale. Electrum coinage of this type was struck specifically to pay Carthage's mercenary armies — Libyan infantry, Iberian cavalry, Balearic slingers — troops who demanded hard metal, not promises. The relatively low gold content compared to earlier Carthaginian electrum issues likely reflects the fiscal strain of sustaining that payroll across two decades of attritional warfare.

The war ended badly: the catastrophic naval defeat at the Aegates Islands in 241 BC forced Carthage into a ruinous indemnity, and the mercenaries, unpaid, launched the brutal Truceless War almost immediately after.

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