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Tremissis - Grimoald III and king Charlemagne
| Issuer | Benevento |
|---|---|
| Year | 788-792 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Reference(s) | MEC I#1098, BMC Vandal#6-8 (p.171), Arslan#94, CNI XVIII#9-10, SambonGiu#422, Oddy#444, Ratto#2396 |
| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | A tall Latin cross on steps occupies the centre of the field, with a letter or monogram element to the left and to the right of the vertical shaft, referencing Grimoald and Charlemagne. The cross is boldly struck and flanked by pellet ornaments. A circular Latin legend runs around the entire perimeter of the coin, invoking Charlemagne's royal title and the concept of victory. |
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| Additional information |
Grimoald III ruled Benevento as a Lombard prince under Frankish overlordship after Charlemagne's conquest of 774, and this joint coinage reflects the politically awkward arrangement by which a nominally subordinate southern duchy acknowledged Carolingian supremacy on its own currency. The electrum composition is itself revealing — by the late eighth century, Beneventan moneyers were working with debased gold that reflects both the duchy's distance from Mediterranean gold supply routes and its incomplete integration into Carolingian monetary reform.
Grimoald would later repudiate Frankish authority entirely, dropping Charlemagne's name from Beneventan coinage after 792.