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Tostão 'o-o'– João III 3rd Type, Porto

Issuer Kingdom of Portugal
Year 1555-1557
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse description Central field displays the crowned Portuguese royal arms, comprising the quinas (five escutcheons arranged in cross formation, each bearing five bezants) within a bordure of castles, the whole surmounted by a royal crown in high relief. The shield is rendered in the characteristic hammered style of mid-16th century Manueline coinage. Flanking the shield at mid-height are the Porto mint marks, consisting of two small annulets (o-o), one to each side of the arms. The circular Latin legend IOANES III R PORTVGA surrounds the central device, partially visible along the coin's irregular flan.
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Mintage ND (1555-1557) o-o - 12 known lettering variations
Additional information

João III's third tostão type from Porto represents one of the more elusive emissions of his long reign, produced in the final years before his death in 1557. The Porto mint operated intermittently and with less output than Lisbon, making its issues consistently scarcer across all types. The 'o-o' designation identifies the Porto mintmark configuration specific to this type — a detail that separates it from superficially similar pieces and matters considerably for attribution.

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