Tostão - Filipe I

Felipe I of Portugal — Philip II of Spain — came to the Portuguese throne in 1580 following the dynastic crisis triggered by the death of King Sebastião at Alcácer Quibir and the subsequent extinction of the Aviz male line. The tostão was minted under a dual monarchy that Portuguese opinion remained deeply divided over, and Philip had explicitly promised the Cortes of Tomar that Portuguese coinage would remain administratively distinct from Castilian issues.

The Gomes F1.15 reference places this among the documented varieties of the Lisbon mint's output during that decade-long window.