Tornês de Escudo - Fernando I Corunha mint

Fernando I struck these bilhão torneses in the opening year of his reign under circumstances shaped immediately by war — his claim to the Castilian throne following Pedro I's death drew Portugal into prolonged conflict with Enrique II of Trastámara, straining the treasury and accelerating the debasement cycle that would define Fernandine coinage throughout the 1370s and 1380s. The Corunha mint attribution is notable; A Coruña operated under Portuguese control only briefly during Fernando's intermittent campaigns in Galicia, making its output from this period geographically and politically contingent.