Tilla - Shah Murad in the name of Amir Daniyal

Historical Context: This gold Tilla (4.61 gg, 23 mmmm), issued by the Emirate of Bukhara between 1789 and 1799, reflects a pivotal period. Bearing the name of nominal Janid ruler Amir Daniyal, its issuance falls within the *de facto* reign of Shah Murad (1785-1800), the formidable founder of the Manghit dynasty. Shah Murad initially maintained the fiction of Janid authority for legitimization, but by 1789, had fully consolidated power, transitioning Bukhara into an independent emirate. This artifact evidences a strategic political transition and assertion of new dynastic authority.

Artistry: Characteristic of Islamic coinage from this era, the Tilla's artistry is primarily epigraphic, focusing on the aesthetic presentation of religious and regal inscriptions. Specific engraver signatures are virtually unknown for Bukharan mints of the late 18th century. The design adheres to prevailing calligraphic traditions, likely employing refined Naskh or Thuluth script. Legends would typically include the Kalima, ruler's titles (Shah Murad in the name of Amir Daniyal), mint name, and date. Its gold medium generally ensured higher precision and clarity than base metal issues, prioritizing legibility and balanced composition.

Technical/Grading: For optimal grading, attention should be paid to the strike's centrality and clarity of central legends, particularly names and date, often weakly struck or off-center on Bukharan issues. Crispness of calligraphy, including any discernible diacritical marks, is paramount. Surface integrity, free from significant planchet flaws, laminations, or tooling marks, enhances value. Wear typically manifests on the raised portions of the script. The weight of 4.61 gg and diameter of 23 mmmm represent the standard for the type, with deviations indicating clipping or alteration.