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Thaler au lion

Issuer Duchy of Massa-Carrara
Year 1623-1662
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Weight 26.64 g
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Obverse description Central field depicts a standing armored figure, likely representing a warrior or ruler of the Cybo-Malaspina dynasty, holding a lance or staff, with a heraldic eagle displayed prominently in the upper right. The composition is dynamic and characteristic of early seventeenth-century Italian hammered coinage. A beaded inner border frames the central design. The peripheral Latin legend reads CAR CYBO MALS S R I ET MASS P, identifying Carlo I Cybo-Malaspina as Prince of Massa and lord of related territories. The overall style reflects the baroque engraving conventions of northern Italian mints of the period.
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Obverse lettering CAR CYBO MALS S ₓ R ₓ I ₓ ET ₓ MASS ₓ P
Reverse description Central field features a large rampant lion passant guardant, rendered in high relief with a flowing mane and raised forepaw, occupying nearly the full inner circle of the coin. The lion is enclosed within a beaded inner border, a hallmark of the lion thaler (thaler au lion) type widely circulated in the Mediterranean and Levantine trade during the seventeenth century. The surrounding Latin legend, FORTITVDO MEA DOMINVS SOLD 80, translates as 'The Lord is my strength,' with the denomination of 80 soldi explicitly stated. The hammered flan produces an irregular planchet with slight weakness at the edges, typical of the series.
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