Tetradrachm - Phanias

Historical Context: This silver tetradrachm, issued by Knidos (395-390 BC), reflects a dynamic period for the Doric city-state. Strategically located on the Triopian peninsula, Knidos navigated shifting alliances post-Peloponnesian War, balancing Athenian and Persian influences while maintaining autonomy. Magistrate Phanias oversaw this coinage, attesting to Knidos's economic vitality, extensive maritime trade across the Aegean, and its enduring status as a crucial commercial hub.

Artistry: The coin showcases the refined high-classical to early-classical style characteristic of Knidian minting. The obverse features a powerful lion protome, the city's ancient emblem, rendered with striking naturalism in its mane and expression. The reverse typically depicts the idealized head of Aphrodite Euploia, Knidos's patron deity, often with a serene countenance and finely detailed hair. While a specific engraver for the Phanias issue remains unconfirmed, the artistry reflects the sophisticated local school, known for sculptural quality and consistent iconographic tradition.

Technical/Grading: For superior grading, examine the sharpness of the lion's features on the obverse: its eye, muzzle, and mane strands. On the reverse, critical points include Aphrodite's clear facial details, intricate hair arrangement, and the distinctness of magistrate Phanias’s name. A well-centered strike, minimal die wear, and absence of significant planchet flaws are crucial. The 15.07g weight is consistent with the Attic standard for this tetradrachm type.