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Tetradrachm - Mithridates VI Eupator Pergamon; ΓKΣ E

Issuer Kings of Pontos
Year 223 (74 BC)
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Currency Attic drachm
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Obverse description Bare, diademed head of Mithradates VI Eupator in right-facing profile, rendered in the idealized Hellenistic portrait style. The effigy displays a youthful, heroic countenance with sharply delineated facial features, a strong aquiline nose, and finely modeled lips. The hair is elaborately coiffed in long, flowing waves swept back from the forehead, with thick locks cascading behind the neck in a manner deliberately evoking the portrait conventions of Alexander the Great. A plain diadem binds the hair above the brow, its ends visible behind the head, signifying royal authority. The portrait fills the flan with commanding presence, with no surrounding legend on the obverse field.
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Reverse description A stag grazing to the left occupies the central field, rendered in fine detail with naturalistic proportions characteristic of late Hellenistic die-cutting. To the left of the stag, a star-in-crescent symbol appears above a royal monogram; to the right, the regnal year ΓKΣ (year 223 of the Pontic era, corresponding to 74 BC) is inscribed above a second monogram. The month numeral E appears in the exergue, providing a precise dating formula unique to the Pontic civic coinage of Pergamum. The entire design is enclosed within a Dionysiac wreath composed of ivy leaves and fruit, a motif emblematic of the Mithridatic dynastic association with the god Dionysos. The encircling legend BAΣIΛEΩΣ MIΘPAΔATOY EYΠATOPOΣ, meaning 'of King Mithradates Eupator', is distributed within the wreath border.
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Mint Pergamum, Mysia, modern-day Bergama, Turkey
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