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Tetradrachm Janiform Type
| Uitgever | Uncertain Eastern European Celts |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 300 BC - 201 BC |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Log in om details te zien |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Gewicht | Log in om details te zien |
| Diameter | Log in om details te zien |
| Dikte | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Techniek | Log in om details te zien |
| Oriëntatie | Variable alignment ↺ |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Janiform double head facing outward, depicting two confronted facing visages rendered in characteristically stylized Celtic manner derived from classical Greek prototypes. The two faces share a central vegetal or floral motif between them, likely a stylized lotus or palmette, positioned at the junction of the two heads. Above, an elaborate arrangement of leaf-like hair rendered as incised linear patterns radiates symmetrically across the upper field. The facial features — deeply set almond-shaped eyes, broad noses, and prominent downturned mouths — are modeled in bold relief, conveying a mask-like, apotropaic quality typical of La Tène artistic convention. |
|---|---|
| Schrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | A rider on horseback advancing to the left, depicted in the Celtic reinterpretation of the Macedonian Philip II tetradrachm type. The horse is rendered with a rounded, powerful body and energetically raised forelegs, executed in bold relief with globular joints at the hooves. The rider sits upright atop the horse, wearing what appears to be a chlamys or draped garment, with the head turned slightly. Beneath the horse's raised forelegs, triangular or trident-like symbols are visible in the lower field, serving as Celtic decorative or emblematic additions. The overall composition fills the flan, with the irregular hammered edge characteristic of Celtic coinage of the eastern European tradition. |
| Schrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Rand | Log in om details te zien |
| Muntplaats | Log in om details te zien |
| Oplage | Log in om details te zien |
| Aanvullende informatie |
The janiform-head type used by Celtic groups across the Danube basin and Carpathian region reflects direct engagement with Hellenistic coinage rather than mere imitation — these communities were actively trading with, and sometimes raiding, Macedonian and Thracian territories during the late 4th and 3rd centuries BC. The specific attribution to "uncertain Eastern European Celts" is honest; die studies have not produced enough linked material to assign this type to a single tribal mint with confidence.
Kostial 543 is a well-documented reference point for this subtype, but Göbl's Pl. 19 233/1 classification places it within a broader stylistic cluster whose precise geographical origin remains contested among specialists working the Carpathian material.