Tetradrachm In the name of Alexander III, Erythrai

Historical Context: This Tetradrachm, struck in the name of Alexander III, represents a posthumous issue from the city of Erythrai in Ionia, dating from 215 BC to 190 BC. Long after Alexander the Great's death in 323 BC, his iconic coinage types persisted as a universal currency standard across the Hellenistic world. Erythrai, a significant city-state, utilized these familiar designs during a period of considerable geopolitical flux, characterized by the decline of the Antigonid kingdom, the rise of Roman influence in the East, and ongoing conflicts among the Diadochi successor states. The issuance of such coinage underscores Erythrai's economic autonomy and its participation in the broader Hellenistic trade networks, leveraging the enduring prestige and trust associated with Alexander's name.

Artistry: The coin adheres to the established Alexandrine stylistic school, characterized by a blend of classical idealism and emerging Hellenistic realism. The obverse features the head of Herakles, depicted with the Nemean lion-skin headdress, a potent symbol of Alexander's divine ancestry and strength. While individual engravers are rarely identifiable for these widespread posthumous issues, the Erythraian mint workshop would have aimed for a robust yet refined portrayal, typical of the era. The reverse displays Zeus Aëtophoros, seated left on a throne, holding a scepter and an eagle. The inscription "ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ" accompanies Zeus, often with mint-specific monograms or symbols, such as a club or bow in quiver, identifying Erythrai (Price#1901).

Technical/Grading: Struck in silver to a standard weight of 16.89 grams and a diameter of 31 millimeters, this tetradrachm's technical quality is crucial for grading. Key high-points on the obverse include the lion's mane, Herakles's eye, nose, and mouth, and the knot of the lion-skin. On the reverse, critical areas are Zeus's head, chest, and knee, the eagle's head and wings, the scepter's finial, and the intricate drapery folds. A premium example would exhibit a sharp, well-centered strike with full details at these high-points, minimal die wear, and a clean flan, indicating careful minting practices from the Erythraian workshop.