Tetradrachm - Aspavarma Apracharajas of Bajaur

Historical Context: This copper tetradrachm was issued by Aspavarma Apracharajas, a significant ruler of the Apracharaja dynasty in Bajaur, active between 15-45 AD. His reign occurred during a pivotal transitional period in ancient Gandhara, witnessing the decline of Indo-Parthian influence and the rise of the Kushan Empire. Aspavarma's coinage is crucial for understanding the complex political and cultural dynamics of the Northwest Indian subcontinent, as he navigated shifting regional powers while maintaining local autonomy.

Artistry: The artistic execution of Aspavarma's coinage typically blends Hellenistic, Indo-Parthian, and indigenous Indian styles, characteristic of the Gandharan region. While specific design details for ISCH#183.6 are not provided, these copper issues often feature a stylized ruler portrait or deity on the obverse, with legends in Kharosthi or Greek. Engravers, likely local artisans, worked within established regional numismatic traditions, balancing imperial motifs with local iconography, contributing to a distinct Indo-Parthian stylistic school.

Technical/Grading: This coin, a copper tetradrachm weighing 8.7 grams and measuring 19 millimeters, represents a substantial copper denomination for its period. For grading, key high-points include the ruler's facial features, hair, and any drapery or emblems. Copper coinage from this era often exhibits strike variations, including minor off-centering or areas of weakness. Surface preservation is critical, as copper is susceptible to corrosion, which can obscure finer details and impact overall condition.