Tetradrachm

Historical Context: This silver tetradrachm, struck by Pergamon between 104 BC and 98 BC, belongs to a pivotal era after the Attalid kingdom's bequest to Rome in 133 BC. Pergamon functioned as a vital Roman provincial center in Asia Minor. The consistent production of these substantial silver coins highlights the region's economic stability and its role in Mediterranean trade, even under Roman administration. This timeframe immediately precedes the First Mithridatic War, positioning the coinage as evidence of ongoing economic infrastructure before widespread conflict.

Artistry: Reflecting enduring Hellenistic artistic tradition, this tetradrachm (SNG von Aulock#7469) exemplifies Pergamene mint craftsmanship. The obverse typically features the dignified portrait of Philetairos, the Attalid dynasty's founder, rendered with classical proportion and realistic detail. The reverse invariably depicts Athena, Pergamon's patron deity, seated majestically, often crowning an inscription or magistrate's monogram. This iconography, rooted in dynastic and civic pride, persisted under Roman provincial authority, showcasing local identity through numismatic art.

Technical/Grading: Weighing 12.66 grams and measuring 27.0 mm, this tetradrachm adheres to the Attic weight standard. For grading, key high-points on the obverse include Philetairos's hair over the forehead, eye, and ear. On the reverse, critical areas are Athena's helmet, the drapery over her knee, and attribute details. A well-struck example exhibits sharp details across these areas, a centered strike, and a round flan. Variations in die wear and strike pressure are common, influencing overall preservation and sharpness.