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Tetradrachm

Issuer Uncertain Siculo-Punic mint
Year 340 BC - 320 BC
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Shape Round (irregular)
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Reverse description A horse stands to the right in a proud, alert pose, its tail raised and musculature rendered with vigorous relief typical of Punic coinage. Behind the horse rises a tall date palm tree, its fronds spreading prominently in the upper field and its trunk shown with characteristic detail. Beneath the horse, a ground line composed of pellets is visible, lending structure to the composition. The reverse design as a whole reflects the standard Punic iconographic program associating the horse and palm with Carthaginian religious and civic symbolism. The field is otherwise plain, with no legend or exergual inscription.
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Mintage ND (340 BC - 320 BC)
Additional information

The Siculo-Punic coinage series emerged directly from Carthaginian military operations in Sicily, struck to pay mercenary troops rather than to function within any civic monetary system. The mint attribution remains contested — candidates include Panormus, Lilybaeum, and a mobile military mint moving with the army itself. Jenkins' classification of this piece within the P3 group places it in the middle phase of the series, during the period of intense Carthaginian pressure on the remaining Greek poleis following the sack of Selinus and Himera.

The SNG Lloyd concordance is a useful anchor here; Lloyd's collection drew heavily on documented Sicilian find spots, lending some geographic weight to western Sicily as a production center.

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