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Tetrachalkon - Epiphanes & Kallinikos
| Issuer | Kingdom of Commagene |
|---|---|
| Year | 60-72 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | A capricorn, the dynastic emblem of the Commagenian royal house, is depicted striding to the right, with a six-pointed star above and an anchor below. The entire device is enclosed within a laurel wreath, symbolising victory and royal authority. The encircling legend ΚΟΜΜΑΓΗΝΩΝ (Of the Commagenians) identifies the issuing polity. The capricorn and anchor together allude to Augustan iconographic traditions adopted by the client kingdom, reflecting Commagene's cultural and political ties to Rome. |
| Reverse script | Greek |
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| Additional information |
Antiochus IV of Commagene ruled as a client king under Rome, restored to his throne by Caligula in 38 AD after a brief deposition, and again confirmed by Claudius. This tetrachalkon was struck jointly in the names of his sons Epiphanes and Kallinikos during the final decade of the dynasty. In 72 AD, Vespasian ordered the annexation of Commagene on charges — likely fabricated — that Antiochus had been negotiating with Parthia. The kingdom was absorbed into the province of Syria, ending over a century of Commagenian royal coinage.