⅖ Tanka - Rustam bin Maqsud bin Uzun Hasan

Rustam's reign over the Aq Qoyunlu was defined almost entirely by dynastic violence. He seized power in 1492 by defeating and killing his uncle Baysonqor, only to face immediate challenges from his own brothers. The confederation was fragmenting rapidly under pressure from the rising Safavid movement to the east, and coins struck in his name reflect a treasury that was contracting alongside his actual territorial control.

The four-year window this piece could have been struck makes precise attribution difficult — Rustam was deposed and killed by his brother Ahmad in 1497.