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Tanka - Abu Sa'id Gurkan

Issuer Timurid Empire
Year 1451-1469
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse script Arabic
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Reverse description The reverse presents a bold multi-line Arabic Shahada legend in raised Naskh script, enclosed within a rectangular cartouche framed by a raised linear border. The central field carries the Islamic profession of faith — 'La ilaha illa Allah, Muhammad rasul Allah' — arranged in three lines within the cartouche. The names of the four Rightly Guided Caliphs (Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali) appear in the marginal legend surrounding the central square, following the standard Sunni formula employed on Timurid issues. The margin outside the cartouche is further bordered by a dotted or cable ornamental frame, consistent with the Timurid epigraphic coinage tradition. The flan is irregular and the strike is characteristic of hand-hammered production.
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Additional information

Abu Sa'id Gurkan reunited much of the fractured Timurid realm by force after a prolonged succession struggle following the death of Ulugh Beg, consolidating control over Transoxiana and Khorasan through a series of campaigns across the 1450s. The "Gurkan" epithet — a Mongolized form of "son-in-law," denoting legitimate descent from Genghis Khan through marriage lineage — was a deliberate political claim, not a title casually adopted. His reign ended at the Battle of Qarabagh in 1469, where he was captured and executed by the Aq Qoyunlu under Uzun Hasan, closing one of the more capable Timurid sultanates.

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