Tanka - Abu'l-Ghazi 'Ubayd Allah as ulus-khan Marw

Historical Context: This silver Tanka, struck 1513-1514 (AH 919-920), originates from the Shaybanid dynasty, a dominant Uzbek power in early 16th-century Transoxiana and Khorasan. It names Abu'l-Ghazi 'Ubayd Allah, ulus-khan of Marw. 'Ubayd Allah Khan, nephew of the dynasty's founder, was a pivotal military and political figure. Issuance from Marw signifies Shaybanid consolidation of power in this strategically vital city, following contests with the Safavid Empire, marking a period of resurgence and authority.

Artistry: The Tanka's design adheres to Central Asian Islamic numismatic tradition, characterized by its aniconic, epigraphic nature. While no specific engraver is known, the coin reflects the Shaybanid stylistic school, largely continuing Timurid aesthetic principles. The obverse typically features the Kalima (Shahada); the reverse displays the ruler's name, titles, mint (Marw), and date in elegant Arabic script, often Thuluth or refined Kufic. Emphasis is on clear, legible calligraphy, serving as a declaration of faith and a testament to sovereignty.

Technical/Grading: This silver Tanka weighs 5.15 grams, consistent with the period's standard. For grading, high-points on epigraphic coinage are the raised elements of the Arabic calligraphy, particularly central and marginal legends. A premium example exhibits a full, sharp strike across all legends, indicating strong die pressure and careful centering on a well-prepared flan. Typical strikes often show off-centering or weakness in marginal legends, where the die may not have fully impressed, though central inscriptions are usually robust.