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| 正面描述 | Confronted foreparts of a lion and a bull, face to face in the field: the lion forepart advances to the right with open jaws and a finely rendered mane rendered in granular relief, while the bull forepart faces left with curved horns clearly delineated. The two animals occupy the full flan in a dynamic heraldic composition characteristic of early Lydian royal coinage. The surfaces are uneven and the flan irregular, consistent with archaic hammered production. No legend or inscription is present. |
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| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | Two incuse square punches of unequal size impressed into the reverse field, a hallmark of early Lydian minting technique used to authenticate the metal content. The larger punch dominates the upper left, while the smaller occupies the lower right, both exhibiting a rough, striated interior surface resulting from the striker punch. The reverse is entirely uninscribed and devoid of figurative imagery, conforming to the standard fabric of the Kroisos-era gold stater series. The flan surface surrounding the punches retains the characteristic lumpy, unstruck texture of archaic hammered coinage. |
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| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
Kroisos of Lydia is credited with issuing the first true bimetallic coinage in history — parallel gold and electrum stater series struck to a fixed weight standard, a deliberate monetary reform that allowed exchange ratios between metals to be officially controlled. His kingdom's access to alluvial gold from the Pactolus River made the output possible at scale. The Persians ended it abruptly in 546 BC when Cyrus the Great took Sardis, reportedly after Kroisos misread a Delphic oracle predicting that a great empire would fall.