Silver coin - Leo I

Historical Context: This silver coin dates from the princely reign of Leo I (Levon I) of Cilician Armenia, spanning 1187-1198. During this pivotal era, Cilician Armenia was a significant Christian state in the Levant, navigating complex alliances with the Byzantine Empire and Crusader states amidst constant pressure from Seljuk and Ayyubid forces. Leo I was a transformative leader, consolidating Armenian power and laying the groundwork for the elevation of Cilicia to a kingdom in 1198, a testament to his political acumen and military prowess.

Artistry: While specific engravers are unrecorded, the coin's artistry reflects the distinct Cilician Armenian numismatic tradition, influenced by Byzantine prototypes but imbued with a unique national identity. The obverse typically features a regal depiction of Leo I, often enthroned and holding symbols of authority like a cross or lily. The reverse commonly displays a lion passant right, a canting device referencing the ruler's name, accompanied by Armenian inscriptions proclaiming Leo's title. The style is robust, emphasizing royal authority and Christian faith.

Technical/Grading: Struck in silver, this coin weighs 1.88 grams and measures 20.5 millimeters. As a hammered issue, examples often exhibit variations in strike, centering, and planchet regularity. High-points for wear or weakness typically include the ruler's facial features and knees on the obverse, and the lion's head and mane on the reverse. Strong strikes are desirable, revealing crisp details in the throne, regalia, and the lion's musculature, though some flatness on the peripheries or legends is common due to the production method.