Siglos - Darius I / Xerxes I THE ROYAL COINAGE - 3rd type A

Historical Context: The Siglos, a pivotal component of the Achaemenid bimetallic currency system, circulated extensively during the transitional period spanning the late reign of Darius I and the early-to-mid reign of Xerxes I (490-475 BC). This era is intrinsically linked with the climactic Greco-Persian Wars, where the Siglos functioned as the primary silver medium for imperial tribute, military disbursements, and trade across the vast Achaemenid Empire, from its western satrapies in Anatolia to its eastern reaches. Its consistent weight and purity (0.950 silver) underscored the unwavering economic authority of the Great King.

Artistry: This specific 'Royal Coinage' 3rd type A exemplifies the quintessential Achaemenid imperial style. The obverse features the iconic 'Royal Archer' – the Great King himself – rendered in a kneeling-running posture, wielding a bow in his left hand and a spear in his right. This stylized depiction emphasizes the monarch's martial prowess and divine authority. No individual engraver signatures are known for these royal issues; the artistry reflects a centralized, anonymous imperial workshop tradition, prioritizing consistent iconographic representation over individual artisan recognition. The reverse typically presents an irregular, oblong incuse punch.

Technical/Grading: Optimal grading for this Siglos type prioritizes a well-centered obverse strike, ensuring a complete and clear depiction of the Royal Archer. Key details to assess include the clarity of the king's facial features, diadem, and the articulation of the bow and spear. The drapery folds and musculature should exhibit sharp definition. While the reverse incuse is inherently crude, a deep and distinct impression is preferred. Planchet quality, given the 0.950 silver fineness, should be free from significant laminations or flaws. Adherence to the imperial weight standard of 5.3 grams is also a crucial factor.