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Sestertius - Hadrian P M TR P COS III S C, Minerva
| Issuer | Roman Imperial Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 121-123 |
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| Reference(s) | RIC II.3#670, OCRE#ric.2_3(2).hdn.670 |
| Obverse description | Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Hadrian facing right, rendered with characteristic short curly hair and a close-cropped beard, reflecting the Hellenizing artistic style Hadrian introduced to Roman imperial portraiture. The effigy displays fine die-cutting in the treatment of the paludamentum visible at the shoulder. The circular Latin legend surrounds the bust, reading IMP CAESAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG, distributed evenly around the periphery of the flan. The portrait conveys imperial authority combined with the refined aesthetic sensibility associated with Hadrian's philhellenic reign. The coin has developed a deep green patina consistent with its orichalcum alloy and age. |
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| Reverse description | Minerva, goddess of wisdom and warfare, depicted standing facing left in long draped robes, her right hand extended forward as if presenting an offering or olive branch, while her left hand rests upon a large oval shield set on the ground beside her. The figure is rendered in the classical style with careful attention to drapery folds. The senatorial authorization mark S C (Senatus Consultum) appears prominently in the left and right fields flanking the central figure. The surrounding circular legend reads P M TR P COS III, with the full reverse legend attesting to Hadrian's offices as Pontifex Maximus, holder of Tribunician Power, and Consul for the third time. The field exhibits a rich, deep green patina typical of well-preserved orichalcum sestertii. |
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| Reverse lettering | P M TR P COS III S C (Translation: Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate, Consul Tertium. Senatus Consultum. High priest, holder of tribunician power, consul for the third time. Decree of the senate.) |
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