Semis Achilles right, Attic helmet, horse right, ΘΕϹϹΑΛⲰΝ

Historical Context: This bronze semis was issued by the Koinon of Thessaly during the reign of Emperor Hadrian (117-138 CE). Hadrian’s rule marked a period of significant cultural flourishing and administrative consolidation across the Roman Empire, including its provinces. The Koinon, a league of Thessalian cities, maintained a degree of regional autonomy, including the right to strike local bronze coinage for daily commerce. These issues often celebrated local heroes, deities, or symbols, reinforcing regional identity within the broader imperial framework. The choice of Achilles and the horse reflects Thessaly's deep historical ties to these legendary and practical symbols.

Artistry: The coin’s design, typical of provincial Roman issues, draws upon Hellenistic artistic traditions with a robust, functional style. The obverse depicts Achilles, the quintessential Greek hero and a figure deeply associated with Thessaly, facing right and wearing a distinctive Attic helmet. This portrayal emphasizes his martial prowess and heroic status. The reverse features a horse, also facing right, accompanied by the ethnic inscription ΘΕϹϹΑΛⲰΝ (of the Thessalians). Thessaly was famed for its excellent cavalry and horse breeding, making the horse a potent and recognizable regional emblem. The anonymous engraver effectively combined these two powerful symbols to create a distinctively Thessalian numismatic statement.

Technical/Grading: Struck in bronze, this semis measures 13mm in diameter and weighs 3.17 grams, consistent with its denomination. For a well-preserved example, high-points to examine would include the crest and details of Achilles' Attic helmet, his facial features, and the musculature and mane of the horse. Given the small flan size, minor off-centring or slight weakness in strike are not uncommon, particularly towards the edges. A strong strike would ensure clear legibility of the ΘΕϹϹΑΛⲰΝ inscription and sharp definition of both primary types, allowing for full appreciation of the coin's artistic and historical details.