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½ Real Boliviano
| Issuer | Oxandaburu y Garbino |
|---|---|
| Year | 1867 |
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| Currency | Real (1827-1872) |
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| Obverse description | Black on white paper. The issuer's name 'OXANDABURU Y GARVINO' is printed in large display lettering across the upper portion, flanked on either side by the fraction '½' within decorative cartouches. A rectangular vignette to the left centre portrays two gauchos on horseback in a rural landscape. The denomination 'MEDIO REAL BOLIVIANO' appears in bold letterpress below the central text, with the place and date 'GUALEGUAYCHÚ, DICIEMBRE 1º DE 1867' inscribed along the top border. A handwritten signature appears across the lower centre of the note. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse is a mirror-image impression of the obverse design printed in pale blue-grey, visible as a see-through underprint effect. The text and vignette elements from the face appear in reverse orientation, with a handwritten signature superimposed at centre. The overall appearance is consistent with a single-sided note where the ink has offset or been intentionally printed in reverse as a rudimentary security measure. |
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| Comments |
Oxandaburu y Garvino were merchants operating in northwestern Argentina, and this note belongs to a category of quasi-banking instruments common in the Río de la Plata region during the 1860s — private commercial houses filling a credit vacuum left by the near-total absence of chartered banks in the interior provinces. The denomination in reales bolivianos reflects cross-border monetary reality: Bolivian silver coinage dominated everyday exchange in Jujuy and Salta long after Argentine national currency nominally existed.
Lit. San Martín was a Buenos Aires lithographer, which places production far from where these notes would have actually circulated.