Qirat - Ali ibn Yusuf avec émir Sir

Ali ibn Yusuf ruled the Almoravid empire at its greatest territorial extent, but his reign was defined increasingly by military pressure from the Almohad movement rising out of the Atlas Mountains. The qirat — a fractional denomination — was the workhorse of small commercial transactions across al-Andalus and the Maghreb, where gold dinars were simply too valuable for everyday exchange. The inclusion of a subordinate emir's name alongside the caliph's on so small a flan reflects the Almoravid administrative habit of acknowledging provincial governors on coinage, a practice that also complicates attribution for modern specialists.