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| 正面描述 | Crudely struck hammered flan bearing a multi-line Arabic legend arranged in horizontal bands within a rectilinear field, characteristic of the Qanhari Damma coinage of Sind. The inscriptions, executed in an angular Kufic script, occupy the entirety of the die area with no pictorial motif. The fabric is irregular and the planchet exhibits the characteristic ragged edges typical of hand-cut silver flans of this regional issue. The relief is bold and uneven, reflecting the rudimentary minting technique employed in the Sindhi Qanhari tradition. |
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| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | Reverse field displays multiple horizontal lines of Arabic Kufic inscription densely filling the flan, with no central device or border ornament. The lettering is deeply struck but irregularly aligned, consistent with the provincial hammered coinage of Sind under the Qanhari rulers. The planchet is similarly ragged and clipped at the margins, with visible flow lines and surface granularity characteristic of debased or small-module silver issues. The overall layout mirrors the obverse in its purely epigraphic character, referencing the ruling authority 'Isa ibn 'Ali. |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
Sind in the late tenth century was governed under the fractured remnants of Arab administrative control, with local amirs operating in increasing isolation from Abbasid authority. Isa ibn 'Ali's issues belong to this terminal phase, struck at Qandahar when the region was slipping toward Ghaznavid absorption — Mahmud of Ghazna would effectively end independent Sindhi coinage within a generation.
The damma denomination itself is a Sindhi adaptation of the Arab daniq, shrunk through centuries of local monetary practice to fractions well below standard dirhams. At 0.57g, this piece sits at the lighter end of documented damma weights.