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Qandhari Dirham ' Damma' - Muhammad - 712-715 AD Amir of Multan
| Issuer | Emirate of Multan |
|---|---|
| Year | 712-715 |
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| Composition | Silver |
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| Obverse description | Obverse displays a stylized fire altar or temple symbol derived from Sasanian and Indo-Sassanid iconographic tradition, rendered in a highly schematic manner consistent with early Arab-Sindhi coinage. Three prominent raised globular pellets are arranged in a triangular formation dominating the central field, with a horizontal bar or altar-like element below them. The design reflects the transitional artistic style of early Arab conquests in Sind, blending pre-Islamic iconographic conventions with nascent Islamic coinage practice. The flan is irregular and slightly oval, typical of the hammered fabric of these early Multan issues. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Reverse bears a three-line Kufic inscription filling the central field, reading 'Allah wali / Muhammad / fa-nasarahu', surrounded by a border of pellets or dots arranged in an arc along the lower portion of the flan. The bold, angular Kufic script is characteristic of early 8th-century Arab-Sindhi coinage produced under Muhammad ibn al-Qasim's administration at Multan. The lettering is deeply struck, with individual letter forms clearly legible despite the irregular hammered flan. A partial border element is visible at the upper margin of the coin. |
| Reverse script | Arabic (Kufic) |
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