Pulo

Uglich operated as an independent principality under the Rurikid line through much of the fifteenth century, issuing its own copper puli as small-denomination exchange currency when silver denga were too valuable for petty transactions. The term "pulo" itself derives from the Byzantine follis tradition filtered through Mongol monetary practice — a reminder of how thoroughly the Golden Horde reshaped Russian coinage habits even in minor principalities far from the steppe.

Uglich was absorbed into the Muscovite state in 1474, ending its independent mint activity.