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Pul - Tochtamysh with amir Ibrahim possibly Ordu al-Jadida mint
| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1379-1396 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Central field dominated by a tamgha device enclosed within a circular cartouche, consisting of a trident-like or bow-and-arrow symbol with a pellet at its base, a design characteristic of Golden Horde copper coinage. The cartouche is flanked by Arabic legends in the surrounding field, with partial marginal inscriptions visible around the irregular flan. The die-work is typical of the hastily produced provincial copper pul coinage of the late Golden Horde period, with flat areas and surface patina consistent with prolonged circulation. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Tochtamysh reunified the eastern and western wings of the Golden Horde after 1378 with decisive backing from Timur, before the two rulers turned catastrophically against each other. The pairing with amir Ibrahim on this pul reflects the Horde's administrative reality: military governors and local amirs frequently co-issued copper coinage, their names appearing alongside the khan's as a practical acknowledgment of regional authority. The Ordu al-Jadida attribution remains tentative — the mint identification on late Jochid copper is notoriously difficult, and Zeno 1759 sits in a cluster of contested attributions.