Pul - temp. Beg Sufi Qrim mint

Beg Sufi's reign over the Golden Horde in the early 15th century was defined by the near-constant fragmentation of Jochid authority, with multiple khans ruling simultaneously across competing territories. The Qrim (Crimean) mint was one of the few that continued producing copper puls with any regularity during this period, largely because Crimea's trade networks — particularly with Genoese merchants at Caffa — sustained enough local commerce to justify small-denomination coinage when the broader steppe economy had collapsed into barter and plunder.

Lebedev's attribution places this piece firmly within a scarce sequence. The Zeno reference anchors it to a known specimen.